Series 50 – Section 3.7 Oil Cooler

Section 3.7
Oil Cooler

In order to perform its functions satisfactorily, the lubricating oil must be kept within the proper temperature limits. If the oil is too cold, it will not flow freely. If the oil is too hot, it cannot support the bearing loads, and it cannot carry away enough heat. High oil temperature may cause, oil pressure to drop below acceptable limits and oil consumption to become excessive.‪

While performing its lubricating and cooling functions, the oil absorbs a considerable amount of heat, and this heat must be dissipated by an oil cooler.‪

Series 50 engines use a 9-plate oil cooler.‪

The lubricating oil cooler is mounted on the right side of the cylinder block near the water pump. See Figure "Lubricating Oil Cooler" .‪

Figure 1. Lubricating Oil Cooler

To assure continued engine lubrication if the oil cooler becomes plugged, a bypass passage, located at the oil cooler inlet, bypasses oil around the cooler directly to the oil gallery in the cylinder block.‪

Cooling water is circulated through the oil cooler housing completely surrounding the oil cooler core. Therefore, whenever an oil cooler is assembled, care must be taken to have the proper gaskets in place and the retaining bolts tight to assure good sealing.‪

The oil cooler housing coolant outlet uses one large rubber O-ring seated in a groove in the outlet neck. See Figure "Oil Cooler Housing and Related Parts" .‪

1. Pipe Plugs (5)‪	9. O-ring‪
2. Fitting‪	10. Bolt, Oil Cooler Housing-to-Adaptor (7)‪
3. O-rings (2)‪	11. Gasket, Oil Cooler-to-Housing‪
4. Oil Cooler‪	12. Oil Filter Adaptor‪
5. Bolt, Oil Cooler Housing-to-Adaptor (3)‪	13. O-ring‪
6. Oil Cooler Housing‪	14. O-ring‪
7. Pipe Plugs (4)‪	15. Bolt, Oil Filter Adaptor-to-Block (5)‪
8. Pipe Plug‪	‪

Figure 2. Oil Cooler Housing and Related Parts

Two small O-rings are positioned in oil filter adaptor counterbores to seal the lubricating oil passages between the oil filter adaptor and the cooler core.‪

The oil cooler housing is attached to the oil filter adaptor. The flow of oil is from the oil pump, through a vertical passage in the cylinder block, through the full-flow oil filters and then through the oil cooler core and the cylinder block main oil galleries.‪

Section 3.7.1
Repair or Replacement of Oil Cooler

To determine if repair is possible or replacement is necessary, perform the following procedure. See Figure "Flowchart for Repair or Replacement of Oil Cooler" .‪

Figure 3. Flowchart for Repair or Replacement of Oil Cooler

Section 3.7.2
Cleaning and Removal of Oil Cooler

Precleaning is not necessary.‪

Remove the oil cooler core and housing as follows:‪

1. Drain the cooling system by opening the drain cocks at the right rear of the cylinder block, and in the bottom of the water pump housing.
2. Disconnect the hose from the water pump at the lower neck of the oil cooler housing.
3. Match-mark the oil cooler core and housing to ensure correct reinstallation.
4. Remove the bolts which attach the oil cooler housing and core to the oil filter adaptor.
5. Place a pry bar between the oil cooler housing and cylinder block, just below the upper neck. Gently pry the oil cooler housing from the cylinder block and the oil filter adaptor.
6. Use a gasket scraper or chisel and a fiber mallet or plastic hammer to separate the oil cooler core and housing.
7. Remove all traces of gasket material from the oil cooler and housing.

Clean the oil cooler core prior to inspection as follows:‪

1. Remove the core from the oil cooler.

   PERSONAL INJURY ‪
   To avoid injury from improper use of chemicals, follow the chemical manufacturer's usage, handling, and disposal instructions. Observe all manufacturer's cautions.‪

   NOTICE:
   Do not attempt to clean an oil cooler when an engine failure releases metal particles from worn or broken parts into the lubricating oil. The oil cooler core must be replaced. Otherwise, severe engine damage may result.‪

2. Circulate a solution of 1,1,1-trichloroethylene through the core passages with a force pump to remove the carbon and sludge.
3. Clean the core before the sludge hardens.
4. If the oil passages are badly clogged, circulate an alkaline solution through the core and flush thoroughly with clean, hot water.

Clean the outside of the core:‪

PERSONAL INJURY ‪
To avoid injury from improper use of chemicals, follow the chemical manufacturer's usage, handling, and disposal instructions. Observe all manufacturer's cautions.‪

1. Mix the following solutions: Add one-half pound of oxalic acid to each two and one-half gallons of solution composed of one third muriatic acid and two-thirds water.
2. Immerse the core in the solution.
3. Watch the process carefully. When bubbling stops (this usually takes from 30 to 60 seconds), remove the core from the cleaning solution.
4. Thoroughly flush it with clean, hot water.
5. Dip the core in light oil.

Section 3.7.2.1
Inspection of Oil Cooler

Inspect oil cooler as follows:‪

1. Make a suitable plate and attach it to the flanged side of the cooler core. Use a gasket made from rubber to insure a tight seal.
2. Drill and tap the plate prior to mounting to permit an air hose fitting to be attached at the inlet side of the core. See Figure "Preparing Oil Cooler Core for Pressure Test" .
   

   Figure 4. Preparing Oil Cooler Core for Pressure Test

   PRESSURIZED AIR AND FLYING PARTICLES ‪
   To avoid injury to eye or face, wear a face shield or goggles when conducting a pressure test.‪

3. Attach an air hose to the air hose fitting.
4. Regulate air pressure to 517-690 kPa (75-100 lb/in.² ) and submerge the oil cooler and plate assembly in a container of water heated to 82°C (180°F).
   1. Check for leaks as indicated by air bubbles in the water.

   NOTICE:
   In cases where a leaking oil cooler core has caused contamination of the engine, the engine must be immediately flushed to prevent corrosion to its internal components. Refer to "13.5.4 Cooling System" .‪

   2. If leaks are indicated, replace the core.
5. After the pressure check is completed, remove the plate and air hose from the cooler core.

   EYE INJURY ‪
   To avoid injury from flying debris when using compressed air, wear adequate eye protection (face shield or safety goggles) and do not exceed 276 kPa (40 psi) air pressure.‪

6. Dry the core with compressed air.

Section 3.7.3
Installation of Oil Cooler

Install the oil cooler core as follows:‪

1. Lubricate new O-rings with a light coat of petroleum jelly.
2. Install the new O-rings in the counterbores in the oil filter adaptor.
3. Coat the O-ring with ethylene glycol (coolant).
4. Install a new O-ring in the groove on the oil cooler housing outlet neck.
5. Install a new gasket on the face of the core that will contact the housing.

   NOTICE:
   Use care when installing the oil cooler housing to prevent damaging the outlet neck O-rings on the sharp edges of the opening in the cylinder block. Some cleaning of the block opening is usually needed.‪

6. Install the core to the housing and install the assembly on the oil filter adaptor.
7. Align the oil cooler housing assembly to the oil filter adaptor. Install the ten oil cooler housing bolts and torque to 30-38 N·m (22-28 lb·ft) using the correct sequence. See Figure "Oil Cooler Housing Bolt Torque Sequence" .
   

   Figure 5. Oil Cooler Housing Bolt Torque Sequence

8. Position the hose and clamps in place at the lower neck of the oil cooler housing, making sure the clamps are positioned inside the lip on both the housing and tube. Tighten the clamps.
9. Close the draincocks in the cylinder block and water pump housing. Fill the cooling system. Refer to "13.5.4 Cooling System" .
10. Fill the lubricating system. Refer to "13.5.1 Lubricating Oil" .
11. Refer to "11.1.1 Cooling System" for verification of proper oil cooler installation.